Necessidades pessoais de enfermeiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em Mato Grosso / Personal needs of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mato Grosso / Necesidades personales de enfermeras durante la pandemia da COVID-19 em Mato Grosso

Objetivo: Identificar as necessidades pessoais de Enfermeiros durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em Mato Grosso. Método: estudo exploratório e qualitativo, realizado em abril de 2020, com Enfermeiros do estado de Mato Grosso. Utilizou-se o discurso do sujeito coletivo e a Teoria das Necessidades Humanas de Maslow. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram necessidades intermediárias (segurança e sociais) quanto as categorias da teoria de Maslow. Em relação aos discursos foram obtidas quatro ideias centrais: autocuidado, necessidade de afeto, compreensão do distanciamento e prejuízos na relação conjugal. Conclusões: As necessidades pessoais dos Enfermeiros refletem o impacto das medidas protetivas recomendadas durante a pandemia da COVID-19 tanto no contexto laboral como familiar. Descritores: Pandemias; Coronavirus; Pessoal de Saúde; Carência Psicossocial.(AU)

Objective: To identify the personal needs of Nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mato Grosso. Method: exploratory and qualitative study, conducted in April 2020, with Nurses from the state of Mato Grosso. The collective subject discourse and Maslow Theory of Human Needs were used. Results: The participants presented intermediate needs (security and social) regarding the categories of Maslow theory. Regarding the speeches, four central ideas were obtained: self-care, need for affection, understanding of distance and losses in the marital relationship. Conclusions: Nurse personal needs reflect the impact of the protective measures recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic in both the work and family context. Descriptors: Pandemics; Coronavirus; Health Personnel; Psychosocial Deprivation.(AU)

Objetivo: identificar las necesidades personales de las Enfermeras durante la pandemia da COVID-19 en Mato Grosso. Metodo: estudio exploratorio y cualitativo, realizado en abril de 2020, con Enfermeras del estado de Mato Grosso. Se utilizó el discurso del sujeto colectivo y la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas de Maslow. Resultados: Los participantes presentaron necesidades intermedias (seguridad y sociales) en relación con las categorías de la teoría de Maslow. Con respecto a los discursos, se obtuvieron cuatro ideas centrales: autocuidado, necesidad de afecto, comprensión de la distancia y pérdidas en la relación matrimonial. Conclusiones: Las necesidades personales de las Enfermeras reflejan el impacto de las medidas de protección recomendadas durante la pandemia da COVID-19, tanto en el contexto laboral como familiar. (AU)

Factores psicosociales asociados a la depresión en gestantes atendidas en un centro materno infantil peruano, 2018 / Psychosocial factors associated with depression in pregnant women treated in a peruvian maternal and child center, 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: La evidencia reporta que más del 20% de las gestantes peruanas presentan depresión, lo cual acarrea complicaciones maternas y problemas neurológicos en el infante. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores psicosociales que se asocian a la depresión durante el embarazo. MÉTODOS: Estudio de casos y controles donde participaron 95 gestantes atendidas en un centro de atención primaria. La depresión fue tamizada mediante el Cuestionario de la salud del paciente (PHQ-9). El análisis bivariado se realizó mediante la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson y el multivariado mediante regresión logística, considerando un nivel de confianza del 95%. RESULTADOS: De las gestantes con depresión, un 57.14% presentó depresión leve y un 36, 73% moderada. Entre los factores asociados (p<0.05) se encontraron el haber presentado un embarazo de bajo riesgo (OR=0.34; IC95%:0.14-0.88), presentar un embarazo no deseado (OR=3.07; IC95%:1.17-8.03), presentar antecedentes de depresión en la infancia (OR=2.72; IC95%:1.04-7.14) y no haber consumido alcohol durante la gestación (OR=0.35; IC95%:0.14-0.89). CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo para presentar depresión durante el embarazo fueron el haber presentado un embarazo no deseado y antecedentes de depresión durante la infancia, mientras que los factores protectores fueron no haber consumido alcohol durante el embarazo y el considerar a su embarazo de bajo riesgo.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence reports that more than 20% of pregnant women in Peru have depression, leading to maternal and neurological problems in the infant. OBJECTIVE: To identify the psychosocial factors that are associated with depression during pregnancy. METHODS: Case-control study that involved 95 pregnant women assisting to a primary care centre. Depression was screened using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). For bivariate analysis Pearson's and Chi square test was performed and for multivariate logistic regression was used, considered a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: Of pregnant women with depression, 57.14% presented level depression and 36, 73% moderate. Among the associated factors (p <0.05) were having a low risk pregnancy (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14-0.88), presenting an unwanted pregnancy (OR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.17-8.03), present a history of depression in childhood (OR = 2.72; 95% CI: 1.04-7.14) and have not consumed alcohol during pregnancy (OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.14-0.89). CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for presenting depression during pregnancy were having had an unwanted pregnancy and a history of depression during childhood, while the protective factors were not having consumed alcohol during pregnancy and considering their pregnancy to be low risk.

The Association of Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain Among Korean Emotional Laborers

BACKGROUND: Many studies have reported negative psychological or physical effects of emotional labor. Relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorder and psychosocial factors has been reported. To manage organizational and psychosocial factors of musculoskeletal disorder with work place intervention among emotional laborers, the factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain must be identified and clarified. METHODS: Data from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey was analyzed. Based on the questionnaire, we selected emotional laborers and included 3,979 participants, excluding participants whose variables were of interest to the researcher. Weight variable was applied. The association with musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial factors, such as workload, monotonous work, job control, social support, and job satisfaction, was investigated. RESULTS: Univariate analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant relationship between social support, job satisfaction, and musculoskeletal pain. In multivariate analysis, job satisfaction showed a strong correlation with musculoskeletal pain at all sites. Social support was significantly associated with backache. Monotonous work seemed to reduce the pain in the neck and/or upper limbs. Job control and work intensity were not significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSION: In this study, job satisfaction was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain, and social support among the social psychological stressors could reduce musculoskeletal pain. However, unlike previously known, the presence of monotonous work resulted in reduced musculoskeletal pain. The results of this study will help to establish the direction of improvement of atmosphere in the workplace to prevent the musculoskeletal pain of emotional laborers.

Coeficiente intelectual y factores asociados en niños escolarizados en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia / Intelligence quotient and associated facts in children attending school in Medellin, Colombia

Objetivo: Analizar el coeficiente intelectual y los factores asociados en niños escolarizados de 6 a 8 años en las comunas Nororiental y Norocidental de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio simple, polietápico y estratificado según grado escolar y comuna, la muestra estuvo constituida por 423 niños de ambos sexos. El coeficiente intelectual se evaluó con la Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler para Niños WISCIV y la estimulación psicosocial con Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME). Para la valoración del estado nutricional se utilizó las normas de referencia y puntos de corte de la OMS. Resultados: Los factores de riesgo que explican las puntuaciones en el Coeficiente Intelectual Total y sus índices fueron: Historia de problemas académicos de la madre y padre e historia de problemas de comportamiento de los hermanos, alcoholismo de la madre durante el embarazo y conductas agresivas en el hogar. Conclusión: En los niños que cursan los primeros años de escolaridad en las dos comunas más pobres de Medellín, el coeficiente intelectual y sus índices se encuentra correlacionado con factores de antecedencia psicosocial y conductas agresivas en el hogar.

Objective: Analyzing the IQ and associated factors in school children aged 6 to 8 years old from the northeastern and northwestern districts of Medellin, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Simple, random, stratified sampling was carried out according to grade, level and commune; the sample consisted of 423 male and female children. The Wechsler intelligence scale (WISCIV) was used for evaluating the children’s IQ and the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) for evaluating the children’s psychosocial stimulation/quality of their home environment. WHO cutoff points were used as reference standards for assessing their nutritional status. Results: The following risk factors explained IQ scores and rates: the parents’ academic problems, the siblings’ behavioral problems, the mothers’ alcoholism during pregnancy and aggressive behavior at home. Conclusion: The IQ scores and associated rates for children who attended early school years in the two poorest districts of Medellin were correlated with psychosocial background factors and aggressive behavior at home.